The astounding evolution of wireless communication started back in 1865 [1], when the scientist James C. Maxwell (figure 1) predicted that electric and magnetic fields propagate through space as waves.
Figure 1: James C. Maxwell.
After Heinrich Hertz experimentally confirmed these expectations, novel applications quickly started making use of this newly discovered world of possibilities. It began with analog wave modulation techniques in the first half of the 19th century and progressed into the use of digital modulation techniques for efficient transfer of information in the current modern era. ...